Physics & Astronomy
converters
100%
copper
52%
heat balance
46%
deoxidizing
34%
heat
32%
conveyors
27%
leaching
26%
oxidation
26%
oxygen
24%
melting
23%
scrap
21%
delivery
19%
nickel
16%
linings
15%
hydrodynamics
15%
sulfuric acid
14%
thermodynamics
13%
material balance
12%
furnaces
12%
baths
12%
exothermic reactions
11%
liquids
10%
output
10%
flushing
10%
brasses
10%
sulfates
9%
unsteady state
9%
performance
8%
mouth
8%
gases
7%
iron
7%
productivity
7%
zinc
7%
carbon monoxide
7%
liquid phases
7%
products
7%
blasts
7%
buoyancy
7%
smelting
6%
copper sulfides
6%
boiling
6%
surface temperature
6%
conductive heat transfer
6%
rare gases
6%
friction
5%
enthalpy
5%
simulation
5%
evaporation
5%
Chemical Compounds
Heat Balance
53%
Melting
27%
Dioxygen
27%
Heat
24%
Blasting
22%
Hydrodynamics
19%
Leaching
18%
Sulfuric Acid
17%
Liquid
16%
Fuel
16%
Oxidation Reaction
15%
Ladle
14%
Surface Temperature
13%
Simulation
12%
Thermodynamics
12%
Sulfate
12%
Reducing Agent
11%
Material Balance
11%
Pressure
11%
Copper Sulfide
10%
Amount
9%
Waste Gas
9%
Buoyancy
9%
Shaft
9%
Models (Physical)
9%
Smelting
8%
Bubbling
8%
Exothermic Reaction
8%
Noble Gas Atom
7%
Jet
7%
Gas
7%
Length
6%
Boiling
6%
Sulfide
6%
Thermal Conductivity
6%
Chalcocite
6%
Copper Hydroxide
6%
Evaporation
5%
Carbon Monoxide
5%
Iron Sulfides
5%
Chemistry
5%
Engineering & Materials Science
Copper
53%
Oxygen
38%
Oxidation
26%
Melting
25%
Leaching
24%
Hot Temperature
22%
Conveyors
22%
Liquids
19%
Nickel
18%
Reducing agents
17%
Thermodynamics
17%
Hydrodynamics
17%
Numerical models
16%
Blasting
13%
Sulfuric acid
12%
Ladles
9%
Chemical analysis
9%
Melting furnaces
9%
Sulfates
9%
Inert gases
8%
Linings
7%
Carbon monoxide
7%
Buoyancy
7%
Heat conduction
6%
Sulfides
6%
Boiling liquids
6%
Enthalpy
6%
Evaporation
6%
Furnaces
6%
Heat losses
6%
Productivity
6%
Temperature
5%
Carbon
5%