МАРКСИЗМ И ИСТОРИЧЕСКАЯ ПРАКТИКА, ФИЛОСОФИЯ И ПОЛИТИКА: КОНЦЕПЦИЯ СОЦИАЛИЗМА ГРУППЫ "ПРАКСИС" И СОВРЕМЕННОСТЬ: глава в книге

In the 60's of XX century dozens of interpretations of socialism were formed. Today, when the prospects for the development of peace and humanity have become unclear, it is wrong to believe that the image of socialism has become clear. In socialist countries, the relation of philosophy and politics was repeating one scheme: philosophy fulfills the function of a servant of politics. This became one of the reasons for the deformations of socialism. K. Marx spoke of two phases of communism, but did not terminologically defined them as socialism and communism. He relates them to the period of the transformation of capitalist society into a communist one. But he represented this period as something different from capitalism and communism. As something third. So it turned out that violence, inhumanity, lack of freedom are means that lead to democracy, freedom and humanism of socialist society. This does not mean that such an interpretation of socialism is the only true one and must be recorded as inevitable. But such a variant of understanding and development of socialism is historically possible. The danger of such development sought to avoid V.I. Lenin. That is why he does not speak about the denial of private property, but about overcoming private property. It was this course of Marx's dialectical thinking that was inherited by V.I. Lenin at the transition to NEP. Such a transformation can be understood as a revolutionary practice in the formation of socialism as a practical humanism. It is clear that communism is just the first step towards socialism.